A Level Biology Practice Exam

Prokaryotic microorganisms that resemble bacteria but are metabolically distinct are known as?

1. Fungi

2. Archaea

3. Algae

4. Protozoa

The correct answer is: Archaea

The correct answer is indeed Archaea. Archaea are prokaryotic microorganisms that share some similarities with bacteria, such as their single-celled structure and lack of a nucleus. However, they are metabolically distinct and possess unique biochemical pathways and cellular structures that set them apart. For instance, Archaea can thrive in extreme environments, such as high-temperature hot springs or highly saline lakes, where most bacteria cannot survive. Fungi, while also microorganisms, are eukaryotic and have a different cellular composition, including membrane-bound organelles and a defined nucleus. Algae are photosynthetic organisms that can be either prokaryotic or eukaryotic but are generally distinguished from both bacteria and Archaea due to their ability to perform photosynthesis. Protozoa are generally single-celled eukaryotes that are more complex than prokaryotic organisms and primarily heterotrophic. These distinctions highlight why the Archaea group is the best fit for the question regarding prokaryotic microorganisms resembling bacteria but with distinct metabolic processes.