A Level Biology Practice Exam

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What does cytolysis refer to in cellular biology?

  1. The formation of new cells

  2. Cell bursting due to increased pressure

  3. The process of cell division

  4. Cellular growth and replication

The correct answer is: Cell bursting due to increased pressure

Cytolysis specifically involves the process where a cell bursts due to increased internal pressure, often as a result of an influx of water. This occurs when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, which causes water to enter the cell through osmosis. As the cell continues to take in water, the internal pressure increases, ultimately leading to the rupture of its membrane. Cytolysis most commonly refers to this phenomenon in unicellular organisms, such as certain types of bacteria and protists, but it can also occur in animal cells under certain conditions. Understanding this concept is important as it connects to broader topics in cellular biology, including osmotic pressure and homeostasis, illustrating how cells manage their internal environment to maintain functionality and integrity.

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