A Level Biology Practice Exam

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What does phylogeny refer to in biology?

  1. The classification of organisms based on their habitats

  2. The evolutionary relationships between organisms

  3. The process of natural selection in populations

  4. The study of genetic variations within a species

The correct answer is: The evolutionary relationships between organisms

Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary relationships between organisms. It encompasses the history of how different species have evolved over time, illustrating the connections and divergence among various groups based on common ancestry. This concept is often depicted through phylogenetic trees, which visualize these relationships and show how closely related different species are based on their evolutionary past. Understanding phylogeny is crucial for studying biodiversity, evolutionary biology, and the traits shared among organisms due to common ancestry, thereby providing insights into the processes that shape life on Earth.

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