A Level Biology Practice Exam

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What happens to plant cells when they reach their maximum state of swelling?

  1. They become flaccid

  2. They remain unchanged

  3. They become turgid

  4. They start to shrivel

The correct answer is: They become turgid

When plant cells reach their maximum state of swelling, they become turgid. This occurs when water enters the cell through osmosis, causing the central vacuole to fill and exert pressure against the rigid cell wall. This pressure is known as turgor pressure and is essential for maintaining the cell's shape and structural integrity. Turgid cells contribute to the overall firmness of plant tissues, supporting them against gravity and allowing plants to stand upright. The state of being turgid is vital for plant health, as it helps facilitate various physiological processes, including nutrient transport and cell growth. In essence, turgidity prevents wilting and allows plants to carry out photosynthesis effectively.

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