A Level Biology Practice Exam

What is gene flow?

1. The transfer of genetic materials during mutation

2. The movement of alleles from one population to another

3. The process by which organisms adapt to their environment

4. The loss of alleles through natural selection

The correct answer is: The movement of alleles from one population to another

Gene flow refers to the movement of alleles from one population to another, which can occur through various mechanisms such as migration of individuals or dispersal of gametes and seeds. This process is crucial in maintaining genetic diversity within populations and can influence evolutionary trajectories by introducing new genetic material. When individuals from different populations interbreed, they bring different alleles into each population, which can enhance the adaptability and resilience of these populations in changing environments. The other options describe related concepts but do not accurately define gene flow. The transfer of genetic materials during mutation pertains specifically to changes in an organism’s DNA rather than the exchange between populations. The process by which organisms adapt to their environment is more closely associated with natural selection, where advantageous traits become more common. Lastly, the loss of alleles through natural selection focuses on the differential survival and reproduction of organisms based on their traits, rather than the movement of alleles between populations.