A Level Biology Practice Exam

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What is residual volume in terms of lung function?

  1. The volume of air exchanged during normal breathing

  2. The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled from the lungs

  3. The volume of air that remains in the lungs after forced exhalation

  4. The total lung capacity measured after inhalation

The correct answer is: The volume of air that remains in the lungs after forced exhalation

Residual volume is defined as the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a person has forcibly exhaled. This air is essential because it prevents the alveoli from collapsing completely, ensuring that some air remains in the lungs for gas exchange even during exhalation. This volume is particularly important in maintaining lung function and ensuring that oxygen is continuously available for exchange. It also plays a role in the overall mechanics of breathing and the physiology of the respiratory system. Understanding residual volume helps in assessing lung health and function, especially in conditions like COPD or asthma, where exhalation may be compromised. The other options refer to different measurements related to lung volumes and capacities but do not accurately define residual volume.

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