A Level Biology Practice Exam

What is stored in chloroplasts that facilitates photosynthesis?

1. Chlorophyll pigments

2. Carbohydrates

3. Proteins

4. Nucleic acids

The correct answer is: Chlorophyll pigments

Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells that play a crucial role in the process of photosynthesis. The primary substance stored in chloroplasts that directly facilitates photosynthesis is chlorophyll pigments. These pigments are responsible for capturing light energy from the sun, specifically in the blue and red wavelengths, and they play a key role in converting that light energy into chemical energy during the photosynthetic process. Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb light efficiently, leading to the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This is fundamental for the survival of plants and provides energy for the entire ecosystem. The other substances mentioned, like carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, are present in plant cells but do not have the same direct role in facilitating photosynthesis as chlorophyll does. Carbohydrates are typically the end product of photosynthesis rather than a storage item within chloroplasts for the process itself.