A Level Biology Practice Exam

What is the function of T memory cells?

1. To suppress the immune response

2. To destroy cancerous cells

3. To live long and assist in immunological memory

4. To stimulate hormone production

The correct answer is: To live long and assist in immunological memory

T memory cells play a crucial role in the immune system by providing long-lasting immunity. After an initial infection or vaccination, some activated T cells differentiate into memory T cells. These cells remain in the body for extended periods, often for years or even decades, allowing the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively upon subsequent exposures to the same pathogen. When the body encounters the same antigen again, T memory cells are able to recognize it and mount a faster and stronger adaptive immune response compared to the initial encounter. This ability to recall past infections is a fundamental aspect of immunological memory, which is essential for the effectiveness of vaccinations and the long-term protection against diseases. The other options do not accurately capture the function of T memory cells. Suppressing the immune response is related to regulatory T cells, destroying cancerous cells involves cytotoxic T cells, and stimulating hormone production is more associated with endocrine functions rather than T cell activity. Thus, the primary and defining role of T memory cells is to provide long-term immunity and facilitate a quicker immune response upon re-exposure to pathogens.