A Level Biology Practice Exam

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What is the type of immunity called that is achieved through medical intervention?

Natural immunity
Innate immunity
Artificial immunity
Cell-mediated immunity

The correct answer is: Artificial immunity

The type of immunity achieved through medical intervention is called artificial immunity. This term refers to immunity gained through methods such as vaccination or the administration of antibodies, either through serum or immunoglobulin therapies. In contrast, natural immunity occurs through natural exposure to a pathogen or through maternal antibodies passed to the offspring. Innate immunity refers to the body's first line of defense, including barriers like skin and mucous membranes, as well as immune cells that respond quickly to pathogens. Cell-mediated immunity involves T lymphocytes and other immune cells responding to specific antigens and is a component of the adaptive immune response but is not specifically linked to medical interventions. Therefore, artificial immunity is distinguished by its reliance on medical methods to elicit an immune response, making it the correct answer.