A Level Biology Practice Exam

What is the typical effect of interleukins on immune response?

1. Inhibit T cell activation

2. Enhance communication between immune cells

3. Decrease antibody production

4. Promote apoptosis in infected cells

The correct answer is: Enhance communication between immune cells

The typical effect of interleukins on immune response is to enhance communication between immune cells. Interleukins are a group of cytokines that serve as signaling molecules, allowing various types of immune cells to communicate and coordinate their responses effectively. This communication is crucial for the proper functioning of the immune system, as it helps to orchestrate the activation, differentiation, and proliferation of immune cells. By facilitating the interaction among T cells, B cells, and other immune system components, interleukins play a vital role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses, promoting a more efficient reaction to pathogens. The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of interleukins. For instance, interleukins do not inhibit T cell activation but instead are often involved in stimulating T cells to enhance their activity. Similarly, interleukins do not decrease antibody production; rather, they promote B cell activity and differentiation, which is critical for antibody production. Lastly, while certain interleukins can influence apoptosis, their main role does not focus on promoting cell death in infected cells but rather on regulating the broader immune response.