A Level Biology Practice Exam

What results in a turgid state in plant cells?

1. Loss of water

2. Absorption of carbon dioxide

3. Taking in water through osmosis

4. Release of toxins

The correct answer is: Taking in water through osmosis

The turgid state in plant cells is achieved when they take in water through osmosis. Osmosis is the process where water moves across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. When plant cells absorb water, the central vacuole fills up, increasing the internal pressure against the cell wall. This pressure keeps the cell firm and upright, contributing to the rigidity and structural integrity of the plant. In contrast, loss of water would lead to a flaccid state, where the cell loses pressure against the cell wall. Absorption of carbon dioxide is related to processes like photosynthesis but has no direct effect on turgidity. The release of toxins does not influence the turgid state of plant cells; instead, it may affect overall cell health and function. Thus, the absorption of water through osmosis is the key factor that leads to the turgid state in plant cells.