A Level Biology Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes synthetic biology?

1. The study of natural ecosystems

2. Production of new biological systems not found in nature

3. A traditional form of biological research

4. Manipulation of existing cells without altering them

The correct answer is: Production of new biological systems not found in nature

The choice that best describes synthetic biology is the production of new biological systems not found in nature. This field involves designing and constructing new biological parts, devices, and systems, as well as re-designing existing natural biological systems for useful purposes. Synthetic biology aims to create new functionalities in organisms, which may not occur in the natural world, through techniques such as genetic engineering, pathway construction, and whole-cell redesign. In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of biology. The study of natural ecosystems emphasizes understanding interactions within existing ecological frameworks rather than creating novel systems. A traditional form of biological research typically refers to observational studies and experiments that do not necessarily involve the innovative and creative aspects of synthetic biology. Lastly, manipulation of existing cells without altering them pertains to techniques that maintain the original function and structure of biological systems, which does not align with the goal of synthetic biology to create new biological entities.